The mechanism of H2 storage through hydrate formation is similar but not identical to the physisorption mechanism. The storage of H2 molecules in hydrate structure occurs by physically capturing the H2 molecules in H2O cages as opposed to chemical reaction or adsorption.

Hydrogen is recognized as the “future fuel” and the most promising alternative to fossil fuels due to its remarkable properties including exceptionally high energy content per unit mass (142 MJ/kg), low mass density, and massive environmental and economical upsides. A wide spectrum of methods in H2 production, especially carbon-free approaches, H2 purification, and H2 storage have been investigated to bring this energy source closer to technological deployment. Hydrogen hydrates are among the most intriguing material paradigms for H2 storage due to their appealing properties such as low energy consumption for charge and discharge, safety, cost-effectiveness, and favourable environmental features. Here, we comprehensively discuss the progress in the understanding of hydrogen clathrate hydrates with an emphasis on the charging/discharging rate of H2 (i.e. hydrate formation and dissociation rates) and the storage capacity. A thorough understanding of the phase equilibrium of the hydrates and their variation through different materials is provided. The path toward ambient temperature and pressure hydrogen batteries with high storage capacity is elucidated. We suggest that the charging rate of H2 in this storage medium and long cyclic performance are more immediate challenges than storage capacity for the technological translation of this storage medium. This review and provided outlook establish a groundwork for further innovation on hydrogen hydrate systems for the promising future of hydrogen fuel.

10.1016/j.ensm.2019.06.007

Project overview

This PhD project aims to advance the thermodynamics and kinetics of H2 hydrate formation and the gas uptake performance through chemical promoters and neutron diffraction analysis. It is expected to improve the capacity of H2 hydrate as a future clean fuel with excellent storage, transport and recovery performance.

The candidate

We are seeking a high-quality candidate with:

1. An MSc or a BSc with 1^st class Honours (or equivalent) in a relevant science discipline such as material engineering, chemical engineering (or chemistry), or environmental science.
2. Solid knowledge of Raman spectroscopy, inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and neutron diffraction (ND) experiments, etc., is an advantage.
3. Robust numerical and programming skills.  
4. Good verbal and written communication skills.
5. Selected candidates must also fulfil the eligibility requirements for admission to the Postgraduate Research programs at Australian National University, including English language proficiency for international students, see: https://www.anu.edu.au/study/apply/anu-postgraduate-research-domestic-and-international-applications.

The benefits

1. Full tuition fee waiver.
2. A tax-free PhD stipend of at $34,000 per year (2023 rate) for 3 years with the possibility of a 6-month extension in approved circumstances.
3. Other ANU PhD benefits including Travel and Removal allowances, see: https://www.anu.edu.au/study/scholarships/find-a-scholarship/anu-phdscholarships

Application and enquiry

All interested applicants should email Dr Xiaolin Wang (xiaolin.wang@anu.edu.au) with a short description of their background, research experience and interest relevant to the project, along with transcripts, CV, English Language proficiency certificates, and any published paper.